{"id":26075,"date":"2023-02-25T12:13:38","date_gmt":"2023-02-25T12:13:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/appsaf.apieproject.com\/news\/?p=26075"},"modified":"2023-02-25T12:13:40","modified_gmt":"2023-02-25T12:13:40","slug":"les-comores-a-la-presidence-de-lunion-africaine-une-aubaine-pour-la-france","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/appsaf.apieproject.com\/news\/fr\/2023\/02\/25\/les-comores-a-la-presidence-de-lunion-africaine-une-aubaine-pour-la-france\/","title":{"rendered":"Les Comores \u00c0 La Pr\u00e9sidence De L\u2019Union Africaine, Une Aubaine Pour La France"},"content":{"rendered":"

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https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/afrique\/article\/2023\/02\/19\/les-comores-a-la-presidence-de-l-union-africaine-une-aubaine-pour-la-france_6162481_3212.html<\/p>\n

Un petit parmi les grands. Les Comores et ses moins d\u2019un million d\u2019habitants se retrouvent aux commandes du continent. Azali Assoumani est devenu samedi 18\u00a0f\u00e9vrier le nouveau pr\u00e9sident en exercice de l\u2019Union africaine (UA). C\u2019est la premi\u00e8re fois qu\u2019un pays insulaire au poids diplomatique limit\u00e9 obtient un tel niveau de responsabilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Nous d\u00e9montrons \u00e0 travers cette position que les \u00eeles africaines ont toute leur place et l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 au sein des affaires du continent\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare Youssouf Assoumani, l\u2019ambassadeur comorien aupr\u00e8s de l\u2019UA. Jusque-l\u00e0, la pr\u00e9sidence tournante \u00e9tait traditionnellement le pr\u00e9 carr\u00e9 des \u00ab\u00a0grandes\u00a0\u00bb nations africaines. Bien que l\u2019ambassade des Comores d\u2019Addis-Abeba ait re\u00e7u des renforts en personnel, plusieurs diplomates s\u2019interrogent sur la capacit\u00e9 de l\u2019archipel \u00e0 mener \u00e0 bien cette mission.<\/p>\n

Moroni a m\u00eame failli voir cette occasion s\u2019\u00e9vaporer au dernier moment. Le Kenya \u2013 membre lui aussi du bloc de l\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Est, en lice pour la pr\u00e9sidence 2023 \u2013 a longtemps pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 une candidature concurrente. Nairobi a fini par la retirer apr\u00e8s une s\u00e9rie de tractations et une discr\u00e8te demande de la France. Paris s\u2019est activ\u00e9 en coulisses pour refr\u00e9ner les ambitions de William Ruto, tout juste \u00e9lu pr\u00e9sident du Kenya, et laisser le champ libre \u00e0 l\u2019archipel.<\/p>\n

Si la perspective d\u2019une pr\u00e9sidence comorienne int\u00e9resse la France, c\u2019est que les deux capitales sont proches. En t\u00e9moignent les nombreux d\u00e9placements du chef de l\u2019Etat, Azali Assoumani, \u00e0 l\u2019Elys\u00e9e \u2013 cinq fois au cours des trois derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

\u00ab D\u2019abord, la France voulait \u00e9viter des dissensions au sein de l\u2019UA, confie un responsable comorien. Puis il y a la possibilit\u00e9 pour nous, les Comores, de jouer un r\u00f4le de m\u00e9diateur. Nous pouvons passer des messages, notamment au Sahel o\u00f9 le Mali a des probl\u00e8mes avec la France. \u00bb Outre cette offre de m\u00e9diation, Moroni pr\u00e9sente aussi l\u2019avantage, aux yeux de Paris, d\u2019\u00eatre l\u2019un des rares pays africains \u00e0 s\u2019\u00eatre ouvertement oppos\u00e9 \u00e0 la guerre men\u00e9e par la Russie en Ukraine. La plupart des Etats du continent ont opt\u00e9 pour le non-alignement.<\/p>\n

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https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/afrique\/article\/2023\/02\/19\/les-comores-a-la-presidence-de-l-union-africaine-une-aubaine-pour-la-france_6162481_3212.html<\/p>\n

Les deux capitales sont \u00e0 la fois partenaires et emp\u00eatr\u00e9es dans une crise ind\u00e9m\u00ealable, portant sur l\u2019\u00eele fran\u00e7aise de Mayotte, que Moroni revendique comme la quatri\u00e8me composante de l\u2019archipel des Comores. \u00ab\u00a0Mon gouvernement tient \u00e0 rappeler le caract\u00e8re comorien de l\u2019\u00eele de Mayotte, soustraite \u00e0 la souverainet\u00e9 des Comores il y a plus de quarante ans\u00a0\u00bb, disait encore le pr\u00e9sident Assoumani lors de son discours devant l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des Nations unies en septembre dernier.<\/p>\n

Une \u00ab\u00a0relation incestueuse\u00a0\u00bb avec Paris
\nContrairement aux trois autres \u00eeles de l\u2019archipel, Mayotte a vot\u00e9 pour rester dans le giron fran\u00e7ais en\u00a01976. Mais les Nations unies, qui ont consid\u00e9r\u00e9 ce vote comme nul, ont, dans une vingtaine de r\u00e9solutions non contraignantes, r\u00e9clam\u00e9 la restitution de l\u2019\u00eele aux Comores. En vain. Au lieu d\u2019honorer la demande onusienne, la France offre un soutien financier et politique \u00e0 l\u2019archipel.<\/p>\n

L\u2019ambivalence de la relation franco-comorienne agace les cercles mahorais. \u00ab La relation entre la France et les Comores est incestueuse et malsaine, et elle se fait aux d\u00e9pens de Mayotte \u00bb, s\u2019insurge Estelle Youssouffa, d\u00e9put\u00e9e Libert\u00e9s, ind\u00e9pendants, outre-mer et territoires (LIOT) de la premi\u00e8re circonscription de Mayotte. \u00ab La variable d\u2019ajustement de la politique comorienne, c\u2019est Mayotte. C\u2019est un projet de revendication territoriale qui utilise un levier migratoire pour arriver \u00e0 ses fins. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Vous pouvez partager un article en cliquant sur les ic\u00f4nes de partage en haut \u00e0 droite de celui-ci.
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https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/afrique\/article\/2023\/02\/19\/les-comores-a-la-presidence-de-l-union-africaine-une-aubaine-pour-la-france_6162481_3212.html<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0L\u2019\u00eele aux parfums\u00a0\u00bb se trouve \u00eatre \u00e0 la fois le d\u00e9partement fran\u00e7ais le plus pauvre et celui confront\u00e9 \u00e0 la crise migratoire la plus aigu\u00eb. Selon une \u00e9tude de l\u2019Insee en\u00a02019, pr\u00e8s de la moiti\u00e9 de la population de Mayotte est de nationalit\u00e9 \u00e9trang\u00e8re, essentiellement comorienne. Les Comores n\u2019h\u00e9sitent pas \u00e0 utiliser cette carte pour maintenir un rapport de force avec Paris. Ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, Moroni a parfois refus\u00e9 d\u2019accueillir les personnes reconduites \u00e0 ses fronti\u00e8res, au pr\u00e9texte que les Comoriens sont \u00ab\u00a0chez eux\u00a0\u00bb \u00e0 Mayotte.<\/p>\n

En\u00a02022, 25\u00a0380\u00a0migrants comoriens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 reconduits \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re, avec l\u2019accord de Moroni. La ministre des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res, Catherine Colonna, assurait \u00e0 l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale en\u00a02022\u00a0que de \u00ab\u00a0bonnes relations avec les Comores (\u2026) sont n\u00e9cessaires pour lutter contre la pression migratoire sur Mayotte\u00a0\u00bb. \u00ab\u00a0Il faut approfondir la coop\u00e9ration diplomatique avec l\u2019Union des Comores pour limiter les migrations irr\u00e9guli\u00e8res vers Mayotte\u00a0\u00bb, pr\u00e9conise aussi un rapport du S\u00e9nat en\u00a02021.<\/p>\n

Lundi 23 janvier, de nombreux repr\u00e9sentants de l\u2019\u00eele (d\u00e9put\u00e9s, membres du conseil d\u00e9partemental, association des maires, syndicats et mouvement patronal), publiaient dans Le Monde un texte o\u00f9, critiquant \u00ab la strat\u00e9gie d\u2019accommodement \u00bb du Quai d\u2019Orsay avec les Comores, ils accusaient le gouvernement fran\u00e7ais de \u00ab subventionner les Comores et d\u2019oublier Mayotte \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Soutien de Sergue\u00ef Lavrov
\nL\u2019Hexagone investit massivement dans l\u2019archipel. L\u2019Agence fran\u00e7aise de d\u00e9veloppement a pr\u00e9vu d\u2019y injecter 150 millions d\u2019euros sur trois ans. La France finance aussi 40 % du budget (1,4 million d\u2019euros) de la Commission de l\u2019oc\u00e9an Indien (COI), une plate-forme de coop\u00e9ration r\u00e9gionale. Pour m\u00e9nager les Comores, Paris ne s\u2019est engag\u00e9 dans la COI qu\u2019au titre de l\u2019\u00eele de La R\u00e9union, excluant Mayotte.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Le Quai d\u2019Orsay pourrait se mordre les doigts si Azali Assoumani utilisait la tribune de l\u2019UA contre Mayotte \u00bb, pr\u00e9vient Estelle Youssouffa. A ce titre, les revendications comoriennes ont r\u00e9cemment obtenu un soutien inattendu. Sergue\u00ef Lavrov, chef de la diplomatie russe, s\u2019est engouffr\u00e9 dans la controverse. \u00ab La France conserve toujours le contr\u00f4le et la souverainet\u00e9 sur l\u2019\u00eele comorienne de Mayotte, malgr\u00e9 de nombreuses r\u00e9solutions de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des Nations unies demandant \u00e0 Paris de la restituer aux Comores \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 le ministre des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res russe, le 3 f\u00e9vrier. En prenant les manettes de l\u2019UA, l\u2019\u00eele de l\u2019oc\u00e9an Indien se retrouve projet\u00e9e au c\u0153ur des luttes d\u2019influences qui se d\u00e9roulent sur le continent.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Paris a facilit\u00e9 l\u2019accession de la petite \u00eele de l\u2019oc\u00e9an Indien \u00e0 la t\u00eate de l\u2019UA en incitant le Kenya \u00e0 retirer sa candidature. Le pr\u00e9sident comorien est un habitu\u00e9 de l\u2019Elys\u00e9e, qui appr\u00e9cie son opposition ouverte \u00e0 l\u2019invasion russe de l\u2019Ukraine.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12963,"featured_media":26072,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[67,69],"tags":[81,78,82],"class_list":{"0":"post-26075","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-actualites","8":"category-politique","9":"tag-actualites","10":"tag-apie-project-2","11":"tag-politique"},"yoast_head":"\nLes Comores \u00c0 La Pr\u00e9sidence De L\u2019Union Africaine, Une Aubaine Pour La France - APIE NEWS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/appsaf.apieproject.com\/news\/fr\/2023\/02\/25\/les-comores-a-la-presidence-de-lunion-africaine-une-aubaine-pour-la-france\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les Comores \u00c0 La Pr\u00e9sidence De L\u2019Union Africaine, Une Aubaine Pour La France - APIE NEWS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Paris a facilit\u00e9 l\u2019accession de la petite \u00eele de l\u2019oc\u00e9an Indien \u00e0 la t\u00eate de l\u2019UA en incitant le Kenya \u00e0 retirer sa candidature. 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